Dopamine and Renalase in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
The clinical and laboratory data are presented in Table 1 , Table 2 , Table 3 , Table 4 , Table 5 , Table 6 and Table 7 . The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in both HD and other diabetic patients compared with controls ( Table 1 ). There were no significant differences in the mean dopamine levels between the three studied groups. The mean renalase level was significantly higher in HD patients than controls and other diabetic patients ( Table 2 ). Diabetic patients with increased AER had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine and renalase levels than diabetic patients with normal AER ( Table 4 ). Diabetic patients with increased serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl had significantly longer duration of diabetes and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. They also had significantly higher AER, FSG, dopamine and renalase levels than diabetic patients with serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dl ( Table 5 ). ACR was positively correlated with duration of diabetes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Renalase was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, ACR, serum creatinine, phosphorus and dopamine. There was a positive correlation between cardiovascular disease and hypertension ( Table 6 ). The type of hypotensive treatment (β-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers) did not affect renalase level. Multivariate linear regression analysis in all the studied participants revealed that dopamine and ACR were significant positive predictors of renalase.
Results
The clinical and laboratory data are presented in Table 1 , Table 2 , Table 3 , Table 4 , Table 5 , Table 6 and Table 7 . The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in both HD and other diabetic patients compared with controls ( Table 1 ). There were no significant differences in the mean dopamine levels between the three studied groups. The mean renalase level was significantly higher in HD patients than controls and other diabetic patients ( Table 2 ). Diabetic patients with increased AER had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine and renalase levels than diabetic patients with normal AER ( Table 4 ). Diabetic patients with increased serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl had significantly longer duration of diabetes and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. They also had significantly higher AER, FSG, dopamine and renalase levels than diabetic patients with serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dl ( Table 5 ). ACR was positively correlated with duration of diabetes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Renalase was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, ACR, serum creatinine, phosphorus and dopamine. There was a positive correlation between cardiovascular disease and hypertension ( Table 6 ). The type of hypotensive treatment (β-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers) did not affect renalase level. Multivariate linear regression analysis in all the studied participants revealed that dopamine and ACR were significant positive predictors of renalase.